Key Gases and Toxic Substances Released During Battery Fires:

Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) → Irritates and damages the lining of the nose, lungs, and eyes; causes throat irritation and breathing difficulties.

Carbon Monoxide (CO) → Displaces oxygen in the blood, potentially leading to loss of consciousness within minutes.

Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) → Reduces oxygen levels in enclosed spaces.

Phosphorus, Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt → Toxic heavy metals that harm the nervous system and kidneys.